In short,

Understand when shoulder surgery is a viable option.
Recognize signs that non-surgical treatments are ineffective.
Discover what to expect from surgical and post-operative care.

A shoulder operation for arthritis is considered when non-surgical treatments no longer provide sufficient relief from pain and limited movement. Osteoarthritis, the most common type, involves cartilage breakdown, leading to painful bone-on-bone friction.

Consult an orthopedic surgeon to determine the best course of action.

Understanding Arthritic Shoulder Pain

What is Shoulder Arthritis?

Shoulder arthritis is a degenerative joint disease where cartilage in the shoulder joint breaks down, causing pain, stiffness, and reduced range of motion. Osteoarthritis is the most common form.

The Progression of Arthritis

Arthritis tends to worsen over time. Recognizing the stages can help inform treatment decisions.

Early Stages: Mild pain and stiffness, often manageable with physical therapy and over-the-counter pain medication.
Intermediate Stages: Increasing pain and reduced range of motion, impacting daily activities.
Advanced Stages: Severe pain, significant loss of function, and visible joint damage on X-rays.

Recognizing the Signs: When Non-Surgical Options Fail

Persistent Pain Despite Treatment

Persistent pain unresponsive to non-surgical treatments may indicate their failure. This means significant pain continues despite consistent use of pain relievers and physical therapy for several months. Assess if the pain consistently interferes with daily life.

Limited Range of Motion

A significant reduction in shoulder range of motion suggests surgery as an option. This includes difficulty reaching overhead, behind the back, or across the body. A grinding or clicking sensation may also occur.

Impact on Daily Life

Surgery’s necessity depends on arthritis’ impact on daily life. If pain and limited motion prevent hobbies or work-related tasks, quality of life is affected. Surgical intervention may restore independence and improve well-being.

Diagnostic Evaluation for Shoulder Arthritis

Physical Examination

A physical exam is crucial. The doctor will assess range of motion, strength, and stability, and palpate the joint for tenderness or swelling.

Imaging Studies

Imaging confirms the diagnosis and assesses joint damage. X-rays visualize bone changes. MRI assesses soft tissues. CT scans offer detailed bone structure views.

Ruling Out Other Conditions

It’s important to differentiate shoulder arthritis from other conditions with similar symptoms, such as rotator cuff tears or frozen shoulder. A thorough evaluation ensures accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Surgical Options for Arthritic Shoulder Pain Relief

Shoulder Replacement Surgery (Arthroplasty)

Shoulder replacement surgery (arthroplasty) relieves pain and restores function in severe cases. Types include total, reverse, and partial. The best type depends on arthritis severity, rotator cuff condition, and overall health.

Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: Replacing both the ball and socket.
Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty: Reversing the ball and socket, often used with rotator cuff tears.
Partial Shoulder Arthroplasty (Hemiarthroplasty): Replacing only the ball.

Arthroscopic Debridement

Arthroscopic debridement is a minimally invasive option for mild to moderate arthritis. A surgeon removes damaged cartilage, bone spurs, and inflamed tissue. It’s for patients unsuitable for replacement or with less severe arthritis and may provide temporary relief.

Factors Influencing Surgical Choice

Surgical choice depends on arthritis severity, joint damage, age, activity level, and health. Rotator cuff tears also influence the decision. Discuss goals with your surgeon to determine the best option.

Post-Operative Care and Rehabilitation

Immediate Post-Operative Period

The immediate focus is on pain management and protecting healing tissues. Pain medication will be prescribed, and the shoulder will be immobilized in a sling. Follow instructions regarding wound care and infection monitoring.

Physical Therapy

Physical therapy is crucial for restoring range of motion, strength, and function. A therapist will guide you through exercises that gradually increase in intensity. Adhering to the program is essential.

Long-Term Management

Long-term management involves continued exercise and activity modification. Regular exercise maintains strength and flexibility. Avoid activities that stress the shoulder. Regular follow-up appointments are important.

When to Seek Immediate Care

While shoulder arthritis is rarely life-threatening, certain symptoms warrant immediate medical attention:

Sudden, severe pain: Especially if accompanied by fever, chills, or redness around the shoulder joint, indicating a possible septic joint.
Inability to move the arm: If you suddenly lose the ability to move your arm after a fall or injury, seek immediate medical attention to rule out a fracture or dislocation.
Signs of infection after surgery: Increased pain, swelling, redness, drainage, or fever following shoulder surgery require immediate evaluation.

Questions to Ask Your Doctor

Preparing questions before your appointment can help you better understand your condition and treatment options. Here are some questions to consider asking:

What stage of arthritis do I have?
What are my treatment options?
What are the risks and benefits of shoulder replacement surgery?
What type of shoulder replacement is best for me, and why?
What is the expected recovery timeline, and what will physical therapy involve?

Living With Shoulder Arthritis: Practical Daily Management

Living with shoulder arthritis requires proactive management to minimize pain and maintain function. Here are some practical tips:

Modify Activities: Avoid activities that aggravate your shoulder pain. Use assistive devices to reduce strain.
Maintain a Healthy Weight: Excess weight puts additional stress on your joints.
Gentle Exercise: Regular, gentle exercises can help maintain flexibility and strength. Consult with a physical therapist for guidance.
Proper Posture: Good posture can help reduce stress on your shoulder joint.
Heat and Cold Therapy: Apply heat or cold packs to your shoulder to relieve pain and inflammation.

When to Seek a Shoulder Operation for Arthritis in Indianapolis

If you experience persistent shoulder pain and limited mobility due to arthritis that doesn’t improve with conservative treatments, consider a shoulder operation for arthritis in Indianapolis. Consulting a specialist can help you explore your options.

Call Total Shoulder MD at (317) 705-4392 or use our online appointment request form to schedule a consultation.